Cultural Development
Cultural Heritage &Historical Sites
Fujian has rich and diverse cultural heritage. Those showcasing the splendid prehistoric civilizations include the 185,000-year old Wanshou Rock Paleolithic site, the 5,000-7,000 years old Keqiutou Neolithic site, and the 4,000-5,500 years old Tanshishan culture. There are two World Heritage Sites, Wuyi Mountains and Fujian Tulou (earthen buildings). And the Maritime Silk Road, Gulang Islet, Three Lanes and Seven Alleys, Fujian and Zhejiang wooden arch bridges, and red brick buildings in South Fujian have been put on the World Cultural Heritage Tentative List. In addition, there are 137 national cultural relic protection units, four national cultural and historical cities, 42 national cultural and historical towns or villages, and 299 traditional Chinese villages. A total of 93 museums and memorial halls housing about 440,000 relics are administered properly.
福建有丰富多样的文化遗产。展示灿烂史前文明的有185000年的万寿岩旧石器遗址、5000-7000年的科丘头新石器遗址和4000-5500年的坦石山文化。有两处世界遗产，武夷山和福建土楼。海上丝绸之路、鼓浪屿、三巷七巷、闽浙木拱桥、闽南红砖建筑被列入世界文化遗产暂定名录。此外，还有137个国家级文物保护单位、4个国家级文化历史名城、42个国家级文化历史村镇和299个中国传统村落。共有93个博物馆和纪念馆妥善管理了约44万件文物。
Operas & Dramas
Fujian is the home of various time-honored operas. Inherited from past generations are Puxian Opera and Liyuan Opera, known as the living fossils of Nanxi (Southern Opera) dating back to the Song and Yuan dynasties, as well as Siping Opera, Daqiang (high-tone) Opera, Chaozhou Opera, Pingjiang Opera, Bamboo Horse Opera, Fuzhou Opera, Gaojia Opera, Beilu Opera, West Fujian Han Opera, Meilin Opera, Xiaoqiang (low-tone) Opera, Dacheng Opera, Sanjue (three-role) Opera which were popular during the Ming and Qing dynasties. There are also operas developed in the modern times such as Gezai Opera, Shange Opera and Nanci Opera. People can also enjoy operas originating outside of Fujian including Peking Opera, Shaoxin Opera, Qiyang Opera, and Huangmei Opera, as well as diverse puppet shows and shadow plays like marionette, hand puppets, iron-wired puppets, wooden rods manipulated puppets, and leather-silhouette show. Nineteen types of operas are registered on the list of China’s intangible cultural heritage. Many modern Fujian opera works are renowned nationwide including After Reunion, Chuncao Braves the Courtroom, Unexpected Promotions, Sorrow of Xinting, Mr. Dong and Miss Li, Demotion, Wild North Wind, and Protect the Baby.
福建是各种古老戏剧的发源地。传承至今的有宋元南戏活化石蒲县戏、梨园戏，还有四平戏、大腔戏、潮州戏、平江戏、竹马戏、福州戏、高家戏、北麓戏、闽西汉剧、梅林戏、，明清时期流行的小强戏、大成戏、三绝戏。还有近代发展起来的歌仔戏、山歌戏、南戏等。人们还可以欣赏起源于福建以外的戏剧，包括京剧、少新戏、祁阳戏和黄梅戏，以及各种木偶戏和皮影戏，如木偶、手木偶、铁线木偶、木棍木偶和皮影戏。中国非物质文化遗产名录上有19种剧种。许多现代闽剧作品在全国享有盛誉，包括《团圆后》、《春草勇上法庭》、《意外升迁》、《辛婷、董先生和李小姐的悲伤》、《降职》、《狂野北风》、《保护婴儿》。
Calligraphy & Fine Arts
The long history of calligraphy in Fujian has cultivated a host of masters including Cai Xiang, Huang Daozhou, Zhang Ruitu, Yi Bingshou, Li Shutong, Lin Zexu, You Shou, Yu Yu, Luo Dan, Pan Zilan, Shen Jinshou and Liang Piyun. Since the reform and opening up, significant progress has been made in Fujian’s calligraphy. With aesthetic concept and language expression unique to people in the South, Fujian calligraphers, taking the lead of calligraphic demonstration in China, create many refreshing, magnificent and fluid works, and make a profound impact on the development of Chinese calligraphy.
Fujian’s fine arts also occupy an important position in the history of the Chinese fine arts. The province is home to renowned painters, old and new, such as Hua Yan, Huang Shen and Shangguan Zhou in ancient times and contemporary Lin Shu, Zheng Naiguang and Li Geng. Fujian is one of the first provinces in China that established academy for Western arts. Since reform and opening up, by carrying on traditions and making innovations, great development has been made in Fujian’s fine arts. Lacquer paintings, traditional Chinese paintings, oil paintings, woodcut paintings, sculptures, watercolor paintings and gouache paintings created by Fujian artists draw wide attention in national art exhibitions. Lacquer paintings, in particular, are highly recognized in China. Over the years, Fujian’s fine arts have developed a unique style to embody wisdom, benevolence, delicacy, flexibility and elegance. 福建书法源远流长，造就了蔡翔、黄道洲、张瑞图、易炳寿、李叔同、林则徐、游寿、余裕、罗丹、潘子兰、沈金寿、梁丕云等一批书法大师。改革开放以来，福建书法取得了长足的进步。福建书法家以南方人特有的审美观念和语言表达，率先在中国书法示范中创造了许多清新、华丽、流畅的作品，对中国书法的发展产生了深远的影响。
福建美术在中国美术史上也占有重要地位。该省是著名的新旧画家的故乡，如古代的华严、黄慎和上官周，以及当代的林纾、郑乃光和李庚。福建是中国最早建立西方艺术学院的省份之一。改革开放以来，福建美术在继承传统、创新的基础上取得了长足的发展。福建艺术家创作的漆画、国画、油画、木刻画、雕塑、水彩画和水粉画在全国美展上受到广泛关注。特别是漆画，在中国得到高度认可。多年来，福建美术形成了智慧、仁爱、细腻、柔韧、典雅的独特风格。
Folk Arts
Fujian’s diverse cultures have fostered colorful folk arts. There are 130 items on the list of national intangible cultural heritage. Inscribed on the list of UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage includes Nanyin, Mazu belief, Zhangpu and Zherong paper-cut, Chinese traditional architectural craftsmanship for timber-framed structures (techniques for residential buildings in South Fujian), traditional design and practices for building Chinese wooden arch bridges, watertight-bulkheaded technology of Chinese junks, and Fujian puppetry practitioners training program. Fujian has become the first province in China that has intangible heritage on UNESCO’s lists of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, Intangible Cultural Heritage in Need of Urgent Safeguarding and the Register of Good Safeguarding Practices. Fujian’s eight types of carving including Shoushan stone carving, wood carving, tree root carving, jade carving and stone shadow carving are renowned both at home and abroad. Dehua ceramic sculpture, Xiamen lacquer thread craftsmanship, Fuzhou bodiless lacquerware and bark sculpture all enjoy time-honored reputation. 福建多元的文化孕育了丰富多彩的民间艺术。国家级非物质文化遗产名录共有130项。列入联合国教科文组织非物质文化遗产名录的有南音、妈祖信仰、漳浦和柘荣剪纸、中国传统木结构建筑工艺（闽南民居建筑技术）、中国木拱桥的传统设计和建造方法，中国帆船水密舱盖技术，福建木偶从业者培训计划。福建省已成为中国第一个将非物质文化遗产列入联合国教科文组织《人类非物质文化遗产名录》、《急需保护的非物质文化遗产》和《良好保护实践名录》的省份。福建的寿山石雕、木雕、树根雕、玉雕、石影雕等八大雕刻品种享誉海内外。德化陶瓷雕塑、厦门漆线工艺、福州脱胎漆器、树皮雕塑都享有悠久的声誉。
Newspapers & Periodicals
The newspaper and periodical industry in Fujian has been developing in a steady manner. In 2016, we published 46 kinds of newspapers and 176 kinds of periodicals including eight on comprehensive topics, 55 on social sciences, 72 on natural sciences, 29 on culture and education, and 12 on literature and arts. In recent years, transformation and upgrading have been made in this sector through integrating traditional and new media, so as to expand the influence of the mainstream media. In addition to further improving the quality of Fujian Daily, Fujian Daily Newspaper Group also works to expand business of advertising, publishing and printing. Fujian Daily is awarded the title of China’s Top 100 Newspapers and Top 30 Mainstream Newspapers at Provincial or above Level. Straits News is the 10th best metropolitan evening newspapers in China, and China’s 500 Most Valuable Brands. Xiamen Daily stands at the fifth of Top 100 Mainstream Newspapers of Sub-provincial Cities. In addition, several newspapers have been selected as Top 100 Mainstream Newspapers of Prefectural Cities, Top 20 Mainstream Newspapers of County-level Cities, or Top 50 Metropolitan Newspapers. Articles for Leaders was awarded the title of China’s Top 100 Social Sciences Periodicals, and Selection of Novelettes won the title of Influential Periodicals in the 60 Years of New China. 福建报刊业稳步发展。2016年，出版报纸46种，期刊176种，其中综合类8种，社会科学类55种，自然科学类72种，文化教育类29种，文学艺术类12种。近年来，该行业通过整合传统媒体和新媒体进行转型升级，以扩大主流媒体的影响力。除了进一步提高《福建日报》的质量外，福建日报报业集团还致力于拓展广告、出版和印刷业务。《福建日报》被评为中国百强报纸和省级以上主流报纸30强。海峡新闻是中国第十大都市晚报，也是中国500家最具价值的品牌。《厦门日报》在副省级城市100家主流报纸中排名第五。此外，有几家报纸被选为地级市主流报纸100强、县级市主流报纸20强、都市报纸50强。《领袖文章》被评为中国社会科学百强期刊，《中篇小说选集》被评为新中国60年有影响力的期刊。
Radio, Film & Television
At present, we have 76 radio and television broadcasting institutions and 135 programs. In 2015, we broadcast 253,700-hour radio programs and 74,000-hour TV programs. Programs of the Southeast TV Channel (under Fujian Media Group) such as Straits News and Talk in China have registered with high ratings, taking up certain market share.
Over the past years, Fujian’s film industry has been a booming business. Animation category has harvested fruitful results. For example, Monkey King: Hero Is Back raked in RMB 900 million in total. TV drama Veterans, documentary Navy Academy, love story Love on Gallerv Bridge (which is also the winner of Best Director of Golden Rooster Award), and The Sky in Hakka Earth Building won China’s Best Works Award. The Confucius Village, a documentary film, won the titles of Angel Peace Award and Best Feature Documentary in 2016 Monaco International Film Festival. 目前，我们有76家广播电视机构和135个节目。2015年，我们播出了253700小时的广播节目和74000小时的电视节目。东南电视台（福建传媒集团旗下）的节目如《海峡新闻》和《中国谈话》等收视率较高，占据了一定的市场份额。
在过去的几年里，福建的电影业一直是一个蓬勃发展的行业。动漫类已取得丰硕成果。例如，《孙悟空：英雄》总共赚了9亿元。电视剧《老兵》、纪录片《海军学院》、爱情故事《加列夫桥上的爱情》（金鸡奖最佳导演）和《客家土楼的天空》获得中国最佳作品奖。纪录片《孔子村》荣获2016年摩纳哥国际电影节天使和平奖和最佳专题纪录片奖。
Publishing
We have 10 book publishers and five audio and video publishers in the province. There are 22 major publications listed in the “13th Five-Year Plan”. The brand effect of Fujian’s books exerts nationwide influence, winning such titles as Best Works Award, Chinese Government Award for Publishing, and Chinese Best Publications Award. Up and Out of Poverty, with over 1.2 million printed copies, is one of the major publications designated by the State Administration of Press, Publications, Radio, Film and Television for “studying and implementing the essence of President Xi Jinping’s important speeches”. The book is also successively reprinted in traditional Chinese, English and French. Fujian Xinhua Distribution Group subordinate to Straits Publishing & Distributing Group won the title of “Advanced Enterprise for Reform of Cultural System”. 我们在该省有10家图书出版商和5家音像出版商。“十三五”规划主要出版物22种。福建图书的品牌效应在全国范围内产生影响，获得最佳作品奖、中国政府出版奖、中国最佳出版物奖等称号。脱贫致富120万余份，是国家新闻出版局、广播电影电视总局“学习贯彻习近平总书记重要讲话精髓”的主要出版物之一。该书还先后以繁体中文、英文和法文再版。海峡出版发行集团下属福建新华发行集团荣获“文化体制改革先进企业”称号。
Copyright Protection
We are devoting more efforts to copyright protection. For example, Xiamen Meiya Pico Information Co., Ltd. and Dehua County government respectively won the WIPO Creativity Award and WIPO-NCAC Award for Copyright Protection jointly sponsored by China’s National Copyright Administration and World Intellectual Property Organization; we organized the third Cross-Straits Copyrights (Creation) Industries Expo Fair with a complete success; Haixia National Copyright Exchange was incorporated; the exhibition of copyright protection for Dehua porcelain was held at the WIPO headquarters in Geneva; a research paper on how copyright protection enhances the porcelain industry in Dehua was published; and an online registration is required for copyrighted works with the 2016 number topping 47,000, one of the largest nationwide. 我们正致力于版权保护。例如，厦门美亚皮科信息有限公司和德化县政府分别获得了中国国家版权局和世界知识产权组织联合举办的WIPO创意奖和WIPO-NCAC版权保护奖；我们成功举办了第三届海峡两岸版权（创作）产业博览会；成立海下国家版权交易所；德化瓷器版权保护展在日内瓦WIPO总部举行；发表了一篇关于版权保护如何促进德化陶瓷业发展的研究论文；版权作品需要在线注册，2016年版权作品数量超过47000件，是全国最大的版权作品之一。
New Media
We now have 117 news websites, of which seven are first-category major news websites and one is second-category commercial website. Fujian News Data Center has been set up to provide access to the websites of any county or district in the province, creating a omni-media framework including news, comment, social networking, video, Wechat, Weibo and apps. Fujian Daily established an omni-media mode based on “One Website plus One Client”. The mode focuses on Southeast Website, New Fujian mobile app, Fujian Mobile Newspaper, the Weibo official account and Wechat official account of Fujian Daily, coupled with 14 websites, four news apps, 48 Weibo official accounts and 59 Wechat official accounts. Fujian Radio & Television Network, established by Fujian Media Group, has introduced the mobile phone application of “Haibo TV” to cover every audio and video program produced by the group. At present, the group has six websites, two news clients, 49 Weibo official accounts and 67 Wechat official accounts. 我们现在有117个新闻网站，其中7个是一类主要新闻网站，1个是二类商业网站。福建新闻数据中心已建成，可访问全省任何县或区的网站，创建了包括新闻、评论、社交网络、视频、微信、微博和应用程序在内的全媒体框架。《福建日报》建立了“一站一客”的全媒体模式。该模式以东南网、新福建移动app、福建移动报、福建日报微博官方号和微信官方号为重点，加上14个网站、4个新闻app、48个微博官方号和59个微信官方号。由福建传媒集团组建的福建广播电视网推出了“海波电视台”手机应用，覆盖集团制作的每一个音像节目。目前，集团拥有6个网站、2个新闻客户、49个微博官方账户和67个微信官方账户。
